By What is the meaning of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors?
Listen to pronunciation. (HMG-koh-A ree-DUK-tays in-HIH-bih-ter) A substance that blocks an enzyme needed by the body to make cholesterol and lowers the amount of cholesterol in the blood. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor drugs are called statins.
How do statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase?
Statins act by competitively binding to the catalytic domain of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase, HMGCR)8,9 and blocking the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, the rate-limiting step of cholesterol biosynthesis.
Which drug is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) Statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. Reduction in hepatocyte cholesterol causes up-regulation of LDL (B,E) receptors, which, in turn, reduces plasma LDL levels.
What is HMG-CoA used for?
Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, also known as “statins,” are used adjunctively to diet and exercise to treat hypercholesterolemia by lowering total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) concentrations while increasing high-density lipoprotein …
What is the role of HMG-CoA?
HMG-CoA is the precursor for cholesterol synthesis. HMG-CoA is formed by condensation of acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA, catalyzed by HMG-CoA synthase. HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes the production of mevalonate from HMG-CoA, in which the HMG-CoA reductase reaction is the rate-limiting step for cholesterol synthesis.
How does HMG-CoA work?
β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, more popularly known as statins, work by reducing the cholesterol levels in the body. HMG-CoA inhibitors interfere with the ability of the body to build cholesterol from dietary fat. Statins bind to the active site of the enzyme and change its structure.
What is the function of HMG reductase?
Cholesterol Precursors. HMG-CoA reductase is the rate-limiting enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis. The expression level of this membrane-bound enzyme is controlled by many factors that in turn regulate cholesterol synthesis and cellular cholesterol homeostasis (reviewed in [1]).
What is HMG-CoA full form?
β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA), also known as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA, is an intermediate in the mevalonate and ketogenesis pathways. HMG-CoA is a metabolic intermediate in the metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids, which include leucine, isoleucine, and valine.
How is HMG-CoA formed?
HMG-CoA is formed by condensation of acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA, catalyzed by HMG-CoA synthase. HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes the production of mevalonate from HMG-CoA, in which the HMG-CoA reductase reaction is the rate-limiting step for cholesterol synthesis.
What is the fastest way to lower LDL cholesterol?
The following dietary changes may help a person reduce their cholesterol as quickly as possible.
- Eliminate trans fats.
- Reduce saturated fats.
- Add more plant foods.
- Increase fiber intake.
- Increase plant protein sources.
- Eat less refined food.
What does HMG-CoA reductase AB, s stand for?
HMG-CoA Reductase Ab, S Specimen Type Temperature Time Special Container Ambient 72 hours Clinical and Interpretive Clinical Information Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy (NAM) is a serious but rare muscle disease strongly associated with autoantibodies to either signal recognition protein (SRP) or 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR).(1)
How is HMG-CoA reductase related to cholesterol synthesis?
HMG-CoA reductase catalyses the NADPH-dependent reduction of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid (MVA in Figure 2). It is considered to be the rate-limiting enzyme of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. Thus, changes in the activity of the enzyme are paralleled by changes in cholesterol synthesis.
When does HMG-CoA reductase have a stable half life?
When cellular cholesterol levels are low, the enzyme is relatively stable (half-life ~10 h). Thus, active HMG-CoA reductase enzyme accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum in response to (1) a slow rate of degradation of the protein and (2) increased transcription through SREBP and enzyme synthesis (Fig. 2 ).
Are there any statins that work with HMG-CoA reductase?
Statins, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are competent in lowering cholesterol levels and reducing cardiac-related diseases. However, there have been controversies surrounding the potential of statins increasing the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus (NOD).