What is the antidote for isoniazid?

Parenteral pyridoxine is the antidote for INH-induced seizures, but 5-g aliquot recommended to treat an ingestion of unknown quantity of INH is not always readily available to emergency physicians.

What causes resistance to isoniazid?

In addition to katG mutations, isoniazid resistance arises from mutations in the promoter region of inhA, which lead to overexpression of isoniazid’s target InhA, requiring higher doses of the drug to achieve complete inhibition3.

What happens if I stop taking isoniazid?

Serious and sometimes fatal liver problems may occur during treatment with isoniazid or after you stop taking this medication, even months after stopping. The risk of liver problems is highest in adults between the ages of 35 and 65.

What should I monitor with isoniazid?

Patients must report any prodromal symptoms of hepatitis, such as fatigue, paresthesias of hands and feet, weakness, dark urine, rash, anorexia, nausea, fever >3 days’ duration, and/or abdominal pain (especially right upper quadrant discomfort), icterus, or vomiting.

What is the antidote for benzodiazepines?

Flumazenil: an antidote for benzodiazepine toxicity.

What is Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to?

MDR-TB is caused by strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that are resistant to at least rifampicin and isoniazid, two key drugs in the treatment of the disease. Since 2006, it has been recognized the presence of even more resistant strains of M. tuberculosis labelled as extensively drug resistant (XDR)-TB [2,3,4].

What is rifampicin resistance?

Rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) defined as resistance to rifampicin detected using genotypic or phenotypic methods with or without resistance to other first-line anti-TB drugs. MDR-TB/RR-TB has been an area of growing concern to human health worldwide and posing a threat to the control of TB.

Can TB be cured in 3 months?

CDC: TB treatment can now be done in 3 months.

How do I reduce the side effects of isoniazid?

It is important that you do not miss any doses. Your doctor may also want you to take pyridoxine (e.g., Hexa-Betalin, vitamin B 6) every day to help prevent or lessen some of the side effects of isoniazid.

What vitamins should I take with isoniazid?

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) supplementation during isoniazid (INH) therapy is necessary in some patients to prevent the development of peripheral neuropathy.

Are there any side effects to taking isoniazid?

Isoniazid side effects. Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction (hives, difficult breathing, swelling in your face or throat) or a severe skin reaction (fever, sore throat, burning in your eyes, skin pain, red or purple skin rash that spreads and causes blistering and peeling).

Can you take isoniazid with other TB medicines?

When treating active TB, isoniazid must be used with other TB medicines. Tuberculosis can become resistant to treatment if isoniazid is used alone. Take all your medicines as prescribed by your doctor. Isoniazid may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

How old do you have to be to take isoniazid?

If you are 35 years or older, your doctor will check your liver enzymes before you start treatment, to make sure you can safely use isoniazid. Serious and sometimes fatal liver problems may occur during treatment with isoniazid or after you stop taking this medication, even months after stopping.

Should you take isoniazid on an empty stomach?

Take isoniazid on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. Use this medicine for the full prescribed length of time. Your symptoms may improve before the infection is completely cleared. Skipping doses may also increase your risk of further infection that is resistant to antibiotics.