By What is microbiologically unsafe water?
The alternative, unsafe water, is a major source of pathogen exposure and increased risk of waterborne infection, illness and death. Hence, the provision of microbiologically safe household water has the potential to reduce the infectious burden of the developing world’s population.
What can unsafe water cause?
The immediate effects can include contraction of cholera, typhoid fever and dysentery while the long-term effects include serious damage to the kidney, liver, bone and brain. Contaminated water can be classified into 2 categories according to what is causing the contamination: microbes and chemicals.
Why are microbes a problem with water?
Microbial water quality may vary rapidly and widely. Short-term peaks in pathogen concentration may increase disease risks considerably and may also trigger outbreaks of waterborne disease. Microorganisms can accumulate in sediments and are mobilized when water flow increases.
How can microorganisms affect water quality?
The foreign bacteria rapidly reproduce and consume debris and nutrients in the sewage, but use up all the oxygen in the water in doing so. The de-oxygenated water is harmful to fish and other aquatic life. Coral reefs are also affected by sewage contaminated water.
What bacteria is found in water?
Of the many infectious microorganisms found in the environment, bacteria (such as Shigella, Escherichia coli, Vibrio, and Salmonella), viruses (such as Norwalk virus and rotaviruses), and protozoans (such as Entamoeba, Giardia, and Cryptosporidium) may be found in water.
What is the unsafe water?
Water is unsafe when it contains germs, worms, or toxic chemicals (for more about toxics, see Chapters 16 and 20). Germs (tiny living things, too small to see, that cause many kinds of illness) and worms, such as whipworm, hookworm, and roundworm, cause many serious illnesses. and animal wastes.
What are the natural reasons for water pollution?
Causes of Water Pollution
- Volcanoes. With large eruptions, volcanoes tend to change the climate for years.
- Animal Waste. The animal waste that comes out from the dairy and the poultry farm adds to water pollution.
- Algae.
- Floods.