By Do surface waves travel through the mantle?
S-waves cannot travel through liquids or gases. Because the earth’s mantle becomes more rigid as its depth below the asthenosphere increases, S-waves travel faster as they go deeper in the mantle….S-Waves.
| S-waves travel through materials with rigidity and density | |
|---|---|
| greater density | slower S-waves |
Where do surface waves travel through?
solid media
Surface waves travel only through solid media. They are slower-moving than body waves but are much larger and therefore more destructive. The two types of surface waves are named Love waves and Rayleigh waves, after the scientists who identified them.
What type of wave travels through the mantle?
P-waves
4. Figure 19.2a: P-waves generally bend outward as they travel through the mantle due to the increased density of mantle rocks with depth. When P-waves strike the outer core, however, they bend downward when traveling through the outer core and bend again when they leave.
What phase can surface waves travel through?
Body waves travel through the body of a planet. Surface waves travel along the surface. There are two types of body waves: P-waves travel fastest and through solids, liquids, and gases; S-waves only travel through solids. Surface waves are the slowest, but they do the most damage in an earthquake.
Where do P-waves travel the fastest upper mantle or lower mantle?
Because the earth’s mantle becomes more rigid and compressible as the depth below the asthenosphere increases, P-waves travel faster as they go deeper in the mantle.
Can S waves pass through the stiffer mantle?
S-waves can travel only through solids, because only solids have rigidity. Because the earth’s mantle becomes more rigid as its depth below the asthenosphere increases, S-waves travel faster as they go deeper in the mantle.
What causes a surface wave?
Wind-driven waves, or surface waves, are created by the friction between wind and surface water. As wind blows across the surface of the ocean or a lake, the continual disturbance creates a wave crest. These types of waves are found globally across the open ocean and along the coast.
Which surface wave is the most destructive?
L-waves
Of the two types of surface waves, the L-waves are the most destructive. They can literally move the ground beneath a building faster than the building itself can respond, effectively shearing the base off of the rest of the building.
Are P waves faster than S waves?
P waves travel fastest and are the first to arrive from the earthquake. In S or shear waves, rock oscillates perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. In rock, S waves generally travel about 60% the speed of P waves, and the S wave always arrives after the P wave.
What is the P wave velocity VP mantle ]) in the mantle just above the core-mantle boundary?
The P–wave velocity increases smoothly beneath 700 km through the lower mantle to ∼ 13.6 km/s at the core–mantle boundary. Just above this boundary there appears to be a layer in which the velocity flattens out or may even decrease slightly.
Why do P waves travel faster through the upper mantle than the crust?
Because the earth’s mantle becomes more rigid and compressible as the depth below the asthenosphere increases, P-waves travel faster as they go deeper in the mantle. The density of the mantle also increases with depth below the asthenosphere. The higher density reduces the speed of seismic waves.
Which pressure can be found in the stiffer mantle?
Which combination of temperature and pressure is inferred to occur within Earth’s stiffer mantle? 3,500 degrees C and 0.4 million atmospheres.
Which is more destructive surface waves or body waves?
Those waves that are the most destructive are the surface waves which generally have the strongest vibration. Body waves are of two types: compressional or primary (P) waves and shear or secondary (S) waves.
How long does it take a P wave to travel from epicenter to seismic station?
A)6 mm 40 sec B)9 mm 40 sec C)15 mm 00 sec D)19 mm 00 sec 14.A P-wave takes 8 minutes and 20 seconds to travel from the epicenter of an earthquake to a seismic station.
How are seismic waves like a still body of water?
Earthquakes: seismic waves. The epicenter of an earthquake sends out waves which are like an object dropped on to a still body of water that sends out ripples. After the stone hits the water ripples move outwards from the centre in every direction.
How are Love waves different from surface waves?
Surface waves. Their side-to-side motion (like a snake wriggling) causes the ground to twist from side to side, that’s why Love waves cause the most damage to structures. Rayleigh waves create a rolling, up and down motion with an elliptical and retrograde particle motion confined to the vertical plane in the direction of propagation.