By Who coined epistemic injustice?
philosopher Miranda Fricker
In the current century, the most commonly cited systematic theory of epistemic injustice is that of British philosopher Miranda Fricker, who also coined the term. According to Fricker, there are two kinds of epistemic injustice: testimonial injustice and hermeneutical injustice.
What is epistemic injustice example?
Common examples include sexism and racism. In such cases the testimony of a woman or a person from an ethnic minority background will be given deflated credibility, based on the prejudicial associations between that group and negative stereotypes. It is these kinds of stereotypes that may lead to epistemic injustice.
What is epistemic injustice according to Miranda Fricker?
Epistemic injustice means, according to Miranda Fricker, that statements by members of particular groups are systematically neglected or discredited, for instance because of negative Page 8 social stereotypes associated with them.
What is philosopher Miranda Fricker testimonial injustice?
Miranda Fricker (Contributor Webpage) The first kind of epistemic injustice is explored: testimonial injustice, wherein a speaker receives an unfair deficit of credibility from a hearer owing to prejudice on the hearer’s part.
How do you stop epistemic in injustice?
To prevent epistemic injustice, Fricker suggests that we cultivate reliable character traits—virtues—that neutralize prejudice. We should aim to be aware of the potential prejudice in who we judge as credible.
What is meant by epistemic privilege?
Epistemic privilege or privileged access is the philosophical concept that certain knowledge, such as knowledge of one’s own thoughts, can be apprehended directly by a given person and not by others.
What is an example of epistemic violence?
“Epistemic violence, that is, violence exerted against or through knowledge, is probably one of the key elements in any process of domination. “The clearest available example of such epistemic violence is the remotely orchestrated, far-flung, and heterogeneous project to constitute the colonial subject as Other.
What is an example of testimonial injustice?
Testimonial injustice occurs when prejudice causes a hearer to unfairly assign a lower level of credibility to a speaker’s testimony or report. For example, a person who is biased against people of a particular race or gender may unfairly assign lower credibility to testimonies given by speakers from those groups.
What is hermeneutical injustice?
Hermeneutical injustice is: the injustice of having some significant area of one’s social experience obscured from collective understanding owing to a structural prejudice in the collective hermeneutical resource.
What is meant by epistemology?
Epistemology, the philosophical study of the nature, origin, and limits of human knowledge. The term is derived from the Greek epistēmē (“knowledge”) and logos (“reason”), and accordingly the field is sometimes referred to as the theory of knowledge.
What does the word epistemic mean?
epistemic • \ep-uh-STEE-mik\ • adjective. : of or relating to knowledge or knowing : cognitive. Examples: Professor Rich is convinced that the quest for epistemic certainty is a foolhardy one. “
What is meant by epistemological?