By What is furan analysis transformer?
Furan analysis can be used to confirm Dissolved Gas Analysis where carbon monoxide present indicates problems with solid insulation. It has been shown that the amount of 2-furaldehyde in oil (usually the most prominent component of paper decomposition) is directly related to the DP of the paper inside the transformer.
What is furan content?
Furans content must be interpreted as a chemical used in conjunction with the primary analysis results of gas dissolved in oil and other monitoring techniques. 5. E3S Web of Conferences 112, 04004 (2019)
What is 2FAL?
The studies have revealed, through laboratory tests, that 2 furfural also referred to as the 2-furaldehyde (2FAL) is the most stable byproduct of cellulose ageing as it is stable for years. It is therefore widely used as an indicator in order to predict the paper DP value [5].
What is the liquid in transformers?
Transformer oil or insulating oil is an oil that is stable at high temperatures and has excellent electrical insulating properties. It is used in oil-filled transformers, some types of high-voltage capacitors, fluorescent lamp ballasts, and some types of high-voltage switches and circuit breakers.
Which gas is used in transformer?
Gas is used as an insulating and cooling agent in gas insulated transformers. Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) is the main gas used in these types of transformer at present although other gases are under development.
Which of the following transformer is smallest?
From the given options, at 2 kVA 700 Hz transformer is smallest.
What is a pyrrole ring?
Pyrrole, any of a class of organic compounds of the heterocyclic series characterized by a ring structure composed of four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom. The simplest member of the pyrrole family is pyrrole itself, a compound with molecular formula C4H5N.
What is sludge formation in transformer oil?
Oxidization is the acid that forms in the oil when it reacts to oxygen. This acid will form sludge which will settle on the windings of the transformer reducing the heat dissipation from the transformer. The heat transfer from the windings to the oil is limited thus causing the windings to run hotter.
What is DP in transformer?
DP means distribution panel in a power supply system. When it refers to a switch, it means double pole. DP in the power supply system is different from the transformer, which can be called by different names according to construction, voltages, applications, cooling methods, etc.
What is Furanic test?
The Furan Analysis Process. Furan results are used to determine an average expected degree of polymerization for the paper in the equipment. The calculated degree of polymerization is used to estimate percentage of solid insulation life remaining inside the transformer.
Which liquid is used to cool a transformer?
dielectric fluid
In liquid filled transformers, dielectric fluid is used to cool the windings and provide optimal performance in the following manner. From the bottom of the tank where the dielectric fluid is at it’s lowest or “bottom” temperature, the fluid flows vertically up the winding ducts and is heated by the windings.
Which oil is used in transformer?
mineral oil
Three basic types of transformer oil used are mineral oil (mostly naphthenic), silicone, and bio-based. Mineral oil based transformer oils dominate the consumption as it has good electrical and cooling properties, and provides cost-effective solution.
How does the furan test determine the life of a transformer?
Furan test is used to determine the life of a transformer and condition of transformer oil in transformer oil. By the Furan analysis, we check the condition of paper in transformer oil. Furan measures the degradation of cellulose paper. The degradation materials produce CO and CO2 gases.
How are furan derivatives extracted from transformers oil?
analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPCL) furan derivatives are extracted from the oil by use of a extraction method such as liquid-liquid extraction (method A) or solid-phase separation on silica cartridge (method B).
What is the molecular formula for the term furan?
The molecular formula of furan is C4H4O. Furan indicates the abnormal stress, overheat, short duration in a transformer. The transformer consists of both paper and oil. When the paper insulation ages, the mechanical strength of the transformer decreases. The Degree of Polymerization (DP) is a measure of the length of the cellulose chain.
What does the furan analysis of paper insulation show?
The Furan Analysis Process. Furan analysis shows the condition of the paper insulation with an oil sample. Over time, the cellulose insulating material will experience degradation. An aromatic compound is produced during this degradation called furan.